Vibe Coding is the Future of Software Development?

Introduction

Imagine telling your computer, “Create a sleek web page with a contact form,” and instantly seeing that idea transformed into working code. That's the magic of VIBE CODING — a term introduced by Andrej Karpathy, co-founder of OpenAI and former AI leader at Tesla, in February 2025.

Vibe coding harnesses the power of LLMs (large language models) to translate natural language descriptions into functional code. Instead of meticulously writing each line, developers can now focus on defining the outcome and refining the results.

This innovative approach is poised to reshape how developers build software, making coding more accessible and efficient than ever before.

Karpathy describes this method as conversational coding: “I just see things, say things, run things, and copy-paste things, and it mostly works.” Instead of meticulously typing every line of code, developers guide the AI to build the functionality they need.

However, vibe coding isn’t foolproof. Karpathy acknowledges that AI tools may stumble with bugs, often requiring developers to test, refine, and experiment to resolve issues.

This concept builds on Karpathy’s earlier prediction that "the hottest new programming language is English", reflecting his belief that natural language will become the primary way humans instruct computers.

AI researcher Simon Willison adds a key distinction: vibe coding often means accepting code without fully understanding it. As he puts it, "If an LLM wrote every line of your code, but you've reviewed, tested, and understood it all, that's not vibe coding — that's using an LLM as a typing assistant."

Experiment With VIBE CODING

New York Times journalist Kevin Roose put vibe coding to the test, creating small-scale apps like LunchBox Buddy, an AI-powered tool that analyzed his fridge contents to suggest packed lunch ideas. While Roose praised vibe coding for empowering non-programmers, he warned that the results can be unreliable — one project accidentally generated fake reviews for an e-commerce site.

Interestingly, Y Combinator revealed that 25% of startups in its Winter 2025 batch had codebases that were 95% AI-generated, signaling a major shift toward AI-assisted development.

However, concerns about reliability and accountability are growing. Forbes noted that AI-generated code often demands extensive human oversight to ensure quality and maintainability. Experts like Simon Willison have warned that using vibe coding for professional, long-term projects without thoroughly understanding the code can be risky.

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